Naturally water is supposed to get through the water but with modern urban development this has become impossible. Urban areas are now made of hard surfaces starting from roads pavements, roofs and almost everywhere there is concrete which cannot allow water to pass through to the soil. This brings us to what we refer to as storm water. It’s simply the rainwater that runs off the land and moves away from the place where it falls because the surface cannot permit water to the surface. When this happens it can lead to flooding pollution and even soil erosion. But this can be managed by building drainage systems that collect and release storm water runoff.
There are few traditional methods of controlling storm water. They include creating retention ponds and above-ground detention basins. These practices require a lot of space and this is hard to apply them ion urban areas where the space is small. Thus a drainage system that is capable of storing storm water underground will be the best option. Underground water detention mostly uses pipes that allow storm water to flow through to detention basins. Once the storm water is stored underground it’s then released through outlet pipes that release water in a controlled frequency.
In the world we are living today, underground storm water detention is the most preferable. There are more benefits such as saving space allowing new developments to take place. If you would to build a water retention pond you would have to get more land for it which is costly and probably take more time to build. You can have underground detention system under the main roads and still not affect the performance of the road. Nowadays we have underground detention system under buildings and parking lots which saves more land for other uses.
Another advantage of underground storm water detention is that controls water flow. When water flow in large amount it may lead to property damage through flooding and even cause pollution to the environment. Underground detention system allows water to flow to the surface in controlled intervals. By doing this there no excess water on the earth surface that may lead to flooding. To achieve these control measures they perform some engineering calculations to make sure that the storm water that flows to the surface has the same volume and frequency with the one that flowed in.
Another benefit of underground storm water detention is that it can be built even places where the terrain is steep. In places where we have steep slopes, building retention ponds will be risky and not effective as it will facilitate more damage to the soil. But with underground detention systems you’re able to control the amount of water runoff by capturing it and releasing it in minimal amounts that cannot lead to steepness of the slopes. This also applies in urban area where you want to minimize the available land which is much expensive to buy and also minimize the cost. We can therefore conclude that underground storm water detention controls water runoff and minimize wattage of land and meets the required environmental guidelines.
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